H.G. Wells, often
called the father of science fiction, was born this week in 1866. In his first
novel, The
Time Machine in 1895,
Wells’ unnamed, time-traveling protagonist journeys into mankind’s distant evolutionary
future. There he discovers the Eloi, a race of frail, childlike adults living
amid the decaying remnants of civilization, enslaved to the brutish Morlocks.
He is dismayed by
the Eloi’s utter lack of intellectual curiosity. He comes across a gallery of
“brown and charred rags” which he is shocked to realize are “the decaying
vestiges of books.” This is the result, he theorizes, of adapting to an
environment, conquered by technological advancements, which no longer offered
any natural challenges, and thus fitness and intellect were no longer necessary
for survival. Humanity had lost the intelligence and vitality of the time
traveler’s own era, that of the post-industrial revolution.
Also this week, in 1917, young Aldous Huxley was hired as a schoolmaster
at Eton. Huxley would go on to become a celebrated novelist, writing dozens of
books, including that staple of high school reading lists, the dystopian classic Brave
New World. One
of Huxley’s students at Eton was Eric Blair, who would also go on to be celebrated
by his pen name George Orwell. Orwell,
of course, wrote his own famous dystopian novel, 1984.